The Best National Parks in Kenya

If you’re planning a camping trip or any other safari in Kenya, taking the time to learn about your specific tourist destinations while in the country is incredibly important. In this comprehensive guide, I have provided a carefully curated list of the best National Parks to visit, each with a detailed description of why you should consider exploring them.

What is a National Park?

A National Park is an area of land that is protected by the government for conservation and public enjoyment. These parks are established to preserve natural habitats, promote biodiversity, and protect endangered species. They also serve as popular tourist destinations, providing visitors with opportunities for adventure, nature appreciation, and education.

Kenya offers a treasure trove of natural wonders, boasting an impressive array of 24 national parks, 15 national reserves, 6 marine parks, and private conservancies. The abundance of options may seem overwhelming when deciding which of Kenya’s magnificent national parks to visit.

National Parks vs National Reserves vs Conservancies: What’s the Difference?

National Parks are expansive areas of fenced land specifically designated for the preservation and protection of wildlife. These natural sanctuaries are managed by the national government through the Kenya Wildlife Services agency.

On the other hand, National Reserves are unfenced areas that also aim to protect wildlife and habitats. However, they allow for some human activities such as grazing, farming, and fishing. Reserves are managed by local County Governments.

Conservancies are privately owned land used for conservation purposes. They work in partnership with local communities to promote sustainable tourism practices while protecting the natural environment.

List of All National Parks in Kenya:

Choosing the Best National Parks in Kenya to Visit: 10 Tips;

When planning a trip to Kenya, it can be overwhelming to decide which national parks to visit. With over 20 national parks and reserves in the country, each with its own unique features and attractions, it can be difficult to narrow down your options. To help you choose the best national parks in Kenya for your trip, here are 7 tips to keep in mind:

Consider the type of wildlife you want to see: Different national parks in Kenya are known for different types of wildlife sightings. For example, if you’re interested in seeing the Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, rhino, and buffalo), then Amboseli National Park might be your top choices. If you’re more interested in bird watching, then Lake Nakuru National Park could be the perfect destination for you.
Think about the time of year: The best time to visit Kenya’s national parks depends on what you want to see and do. For example, if you want to witness the great wildebeest migration in Masai Mara National Reserve(not park), then plan your trip between July and October. If you want to see newborn animals, then consider visiting during the rainy season from November to May.
Consider your budget: Some national parks in Kenya are more expensive than others due to their popularity or unique features. Take into account park entrance fees, accommodation costs, and transportation expenses when deciding which parks to visit.
Look for activities and attractions: In addition to wildlife spotting, many national parks in Kenya offer other activities and attractions such as hiking, hot air balloon safaris, cultural visits to local communities, and more. Make sure to research the various options available at each park before making your decision.
Pay attention to accessibility: Some national parks are easier to access than others. While some require a short drive from major cities, others might require a longer journey by plane or car. Consider the time and effort required to reach each park when planning your trip.
Check for safety measures: While Kenya’s national parks are generally safe, it’s always important to research any potential safety concerns before visiting. Make sure to check for any current travel advisories or warnings specific to the park you plan on visiting.
Book in advance: To ensure availability and secure the best deals, it’s recommended to book your national park visit well in advance. This will also give you time to plan and prepare for your trip accordingly.
Be environmentally conscious: While visiting Kenya’s national parks, it’s important to be mindful of the environment and practice responsible tourism. Avoid littering, stay on designated paths, and follow all park rules and regulations.
Plan for the weather: Kenya’s national parks experience different weather patterns throughout the year. It’s important to research the best time to visit each park based on your preferences and desired activities. For example, if you want to see the Great Migration in Masai Mara National Reserve, plan your trip between July and October.
Support conservation efforts: Many national parks in Kenya have conservation programs in place to protect endangered species and preserve their natural habitats. Consider supporting these efforts by participating in activities such as wildlife monitoring or volunteering with local conservation organizations.

Best National Parks &Reserves in Kenya:

Masai Mara National Reserve:

Located in the southwestern part of Kenya, Masai Mara National Reserve is one of the most popular and top-rated national reserves in Kenya. It’s known for its abundant wildlife, including the famous Big Five – lions, elephants, buffalos, leopards, and rhinos. The park also hosts the annual Great Migration where millions of wildebeest, zebras, and other animals migrate from Serengeti National Park in Tanzania to Masai Mara in search of greener pastures. This is a must-see event for any safari enthusiast.

I recently penned an article highlighting the Mara’s distinction as the world’s most densely populated animal habitat, and the reasons why a visit should be on your radar. We recently established Kambu Mara Camp conveniently situated just outside the main Sekenani Gate, offering an easy, affordable, and spectacular experience of this remarkable reserve.

Lonely Planet rightly pointed that The Mara is a renowned “Big Five park”, hosting rhinos, buffalo, elephants, leopards, and lions. Notably, The Mara boasts an extraordinary lion population, while its wild savanna and diverse birdlife, including birds of prey and migratory species, add to its captivating allure. With 470 bird species, The Mara is a birdwatcher’s paradise.

The Mara ecosystem, spanning from Kenya to Northern Tanzania, is noteworthy for its contiguous and unfenced nature. This allows animals the freedom to roam, cross country borders, traverse lakes, and explore various grazing and hunting grounds according to weather patterns. The migration of over 1.5 million Wildebeest every year has made Mara a famous destination. As a contiguous vast land, it is not classified as a Park but a Reserve.

Kambu as a licensed tour operator has several Mara tour packages you can explore.

Amboseli National Park:

Famous for its breathtaking views of Mount Kilimanjaro, Amboseli National Park is another top destination for wildlife lovers. It’s home to large herds of African elephants and other animals, including the Masai giraffe, cheetahs, hyenas, and wildebeest. Visitors can also enjoy spectacular bird watching opportunities with over 400 species to spot.

According to Lonely Planet, Amboseli National Park is home to approximately 1500 African elephants and offers stunning views of Mt Kilimanjaro. The Amboseli Trust for Elephants, one of the most renowned conservation projects globally, has played a significant role in maintaining this relatively stable elephant population. Despite receiving less rainfall compared to other parks, Amboseli’s mountain forest environment creates a network of swamps, attracting diverse birdlife. Alongside elephants, the park is also inhabited by majestic big cats, buffalo, Maasai giraffe, antelopes, and playful vervet monkeys.

When I last visited this Park, I really enjoyed the breathtaking sights of the snow-capped Mt. Kilimanjaro during the early morning hours. While this majestic mountain is situated in Tanzania, one can relish magnificent views from the base at Amboseli, providing a glimpse of Africa’s tallest peak.

Tsavo National Park:

Tsavo National Park is the largest national park in Kenya, covering an area of over 22,000 square kilometers. Divided into two sections – Tsavo East and Tsavo West – this park is home to a diverse range of wildlife, including the famous “Red Elephants” due to their reddish-brown appearance from rolling in the surrounding red soil.

Visitors can embark on thrilling game drives and spot elephants, lions, leopards, buffalos, giraffes, and even the elusive black rhinoceros. For bird enthusiasts, Tsavo is a haven with over 500 species of birds recorded in the area.

Tsavo East predominantly features expansive flat plains, traversed by the Galana River. Camping alongside the river is a notable highlight in Tsavo, as is embarking on a walking safari across the vast expanse of the Yatta Plateau. Notably, the Yatta Plateau stretches for 300km (186 miles), representing the world’s longest lava flow.

Tsavo West is wetter, more mountainous, and swampier than its counterpart. It boasts incredible bird spotting opportunities with around 500 species. The force of Mzima Springs is truly impressive, where 50 million gallons of water gush out from the lava rock. This lush terrain is a haven for abundant wildlife, including elephants, hippos, crocodiles, zebras, giraffes, and monkeys. For breathtaking views, head to Poacher’s Lookout, which offers an epic scene over the plains.

For a unique experience, visitors can also visit the Shetani Lava Flows in Tsavo West, a result of volcanic activity that took place thousands of years ago. These black, rocky stretches offer an otherworldly landscape and a chance to see wildlife in a different setting.

Tsavo National Park holds the distinction of being the second inaugural National Park established in Kenya, back in April 1948. Coincidentally, that same year witnessed the designation of Mara as an animal sanctuary.

Nairobi National Park:

Nairobi National Park, established in 1946, holds the distinction of being Kenya’s first official national park and the only one located within a city. It predates Tsavo National Park by two years. As you journey to or from the airport, you might even catch a glimpse of some wildlife, making for a truly unique experience. Learn more about Nairobi National Park here.

Located just 10 kilometers from downtown Nairobi, it offers a unique opportunity to see wildlife while still being close to civilization.

Immersed in an open plain, with Nairobi’s towering skyscrapers as a breathtaking backdrop, lies a truly surreal experience. Amidst the sprawling acacia bush, a diverse array of wildlife can be found, including majestic lions, elusive leopards, powerful buffalos, and the critically endangered black rhino. The park boasts a highly successful rhino conservation program, which has not only replenished other parks through their breeding projects but also serves as a testament to their dedication. Just like many other national parks in Kenya, the abundance of birdlife is a sight to behold, with over 400 species documented in this sanctuary.

Mt. Kenya National Park:

Located in central Kenya, it covers an area of 715 square kilometers and is one of the most scenic national parks in East Africa. In 1978, Mt. Kenya National Park was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its natural habitat and unique flora and fauna. It encompasses the beautiful peak of Mount Kenya, which stands at 5,199 meters above sea level, making it the second-highest mountain in Africa. With its rugged terrain and diverse ecosystems ranging from montane forest to glaciers, this park is a hiker’s paradise. For those not inclined to trekking, there are other activities available such as camping, bird watching, game viewing, and summiting the Lenana peak.

If you’re an avid hiker or climber, consider adding Kenya’s second-highest mountain, Mt Kenya, to your list of must-do treks. The trail to Point Lenana, the main peak for trekkers, offers a glorious and solitary experience. Mt Kenya National Park provides excellent camping options, including the opportunity for wild camping along less-traveled paths. Additionally, rock climbing enthusiasts will find plenty of challenges on the lower peaks. For those with limited time, a day excursion to the Met Station, just a 10km (6.2-mile) hike, is a great option.

Check out this guide on Kenya’s other mountains.

Aberdares National Park:

Nestled in the central highlands of Kenya, Aberdares National Park spans across 767 square kilometers. This captivating park takes its name from the majestic mountain range that traverses its territory, boasting pristine moorland, bamboo forests, enchanting waterfalls, and meandering rivers.

Aberdare National Park stands out as one of Kenya’s most remarkable destinations, offering a serene escape amidst the cooler climes of the central highlands. While wildlife sightings are a possibility, Aberdare is renowned for the extraordinary natural beauty of its mist-shrouded forests and picturesque river valleys. The High Park, often referred to as the higher moorlands, presents an ideal setting for hiking enthusiasts. Ascending the peaks of Lesatima, Il Kinangop, and Kipipiri is a rewarding experience, although it is advisable to engage a knowledgeable guide and secure a pass in advance to make the most of your excursion.

Established in 1950, Aberdare National Park safeguards the Aberdare mountains, cascading into the Rift Valley. This biodiverse park features dense forests, steep ravines, open moorland, and majestic waterfalls. It is home to captivating wildlife, including black rhinos, elephants, baboons, colobus monkeys, buffalo, and the elusive leopard. Bird enthusiasts will be delighted by the sighting of over 250 species.

Besides the Park is the Amboseli National Forest and the Great Rift Valley in the East and Arabuko-Sokoke National Park, a crucial bird sanctuary in Kenya, in the West. The unique biodiversity of Aberdare is attributed to its high altitude which offers cool temperatures year-round. Therefore, it is essential to pack warm clothes for your excursion.

The best way to explore Aberdares National Park is by taking a guided safari. This allows you to learn more about the park’s history, wildlife, and conservation efforts while also ensuring your safety. Guided walks are popular in the lower moorlands where you can spot various animals and bird species while enjoying the breathtaking scenery.

Another popular activity in Aberdares National Park is trout fishing. Visitors can fish for rainbow and brown trout in the rivers and streams within the park. However, a permit is required, and it is only allowed in designated areas. This activity provides a unique experience for nature lovers.

Accommodation options are available both inside and outside the park, ranging from luxury lodges to budget-friendly campsites. Visitors can also choose to stay at the iconic Treetops Lodge, where Queen Elizabeth II once stayed. The lodge offers a unique experience as it is built on stilts and overlooks a watering hole where animals come to drink.

Visitors can also take a day trip to the nearby Ol Pejeta Conservancy, which is famous for its rhino sanctuary and chimpanzee sanctuary. Here, you can learn about conservation efforts and get up close with these majestic creatures.

Overall, Aberdare National Park offers a unique and diverse experience for nature enthusiasts. Its stunning landscape, rich biodiversity, and variety of activities make it one of the best national parks to visit in Kenya. So pack your bags and embark on an unforgettable journey through this hidden gem in the heart of Kenya.

Mount Meru National Park:

Define rural and rugged. That’s Mt. Meru National Park for you. Mt. Meru sits beside Kora National Park and equally recommend it.

These parks are home to vast grasslands, thorny bushes, gushing rivers, and thick jungles. Here, you’ll encounter magnificent wildlife such as Grevy’s zebras, elephants, buffalo, hippos, and giraffes. In addition, you’ll be amazed by the presence of over 420 bird species.

Meru, a marvelous, remote, and rugged destination, remains unspoilt and surrounded by untouched natural beauty. This wilderness is often overlooked, yet it captivates with its wild and breathtaking landscapes. Straddling the equator and intersected by 13 rivers and numerous mountain-fed streams, Meru offers diverse scenery. From woodlands at 3,000ft on the slopes of the Nyambene mountain range, northeast of Mt. Kenya, to wide-open plains adorned with meandering riverbanks and dotted with doum palms.

National Parks Kenya map:

If you’re looking to see the National Parks of Kenya on a map, I reviewed different maps and found the one below by safaribookings to be very accurate;

FAQs

Which is the biggest national park in kenya?

Tsavo West & East National Parks. Tsavo is the largest national park in Kenya at 22 000km², making it one of the largest in the world. Compared to Masai Mara which only covers 1510 sq kms, this Park is huge! The park has a diverse landscape ranging from savanna, rolling hills, and mountains to the Athi River basin.